This Vaccine Stops Bird Flu Before It Reaches the Lungs
By WashU Medicine
Since first appearing in the United States in 2014, H5N1 avian influenza, widely known as bird flu, has steadily expanded its reach. The virus has spread from wild birds into farm animals and, more recently, to humans. Since 2022,
more than 70 people in the U.S. have been
infected, including two deaths. Because the virus continues to circulate widely
among animals, scientists warn that it has ongoing opportunities to adapt in
ways that could allow it to spread more easily between people, raising fears of
a future pandemic.
A Nasal Vaccine Designed to Stop Infection Early
To reduce that risk, researchers at Washington University
School of Medicine in St. Louis developed a nasal spray vaccine aimed at
stopping the virus at its point of entry. When tested in hamsters and mice, the
vaccine triggered strong immune responses and successfully prevented infection
after exposure to H5N1.
One major concern with bird flu vaccines is that immunity
from previous seasonal flu infections or vaccinations could weaken their
effectiveness. The research team addressed this issue directly and found that
their nasal vaccine remained highly protective even in animals with prior flu
immunity.
The findings were published today (January 30) in Cell
Reports Medicine.






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